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Expressing "including" with 包括 (bāokuò) in extended phrases
HSK 4Structure
Subject + 包括 + Item A、Item B + 等
Explanation
包括 (bāokuò) means "including" and is used to enumerate specific members or parts within a larger set. It can appear in longer sentences to clarify exactly what a group or category contains. The items listed after 包括 specify the scope of what is being discussed.
Examples
这次旅行的费用包括机票、酒店和每天的早餐。
Zhè cì lǚxíng de fèiyòng bāokuò jīpiào, jiǔdiàn hé měi tiān de zǎocān.
The cost of this trip includes airfare, hotel, and daily breakfast.
我们公司的福利包括带薪假期、医疗保险和健身房会员。
Wǒmen gōngsī de fúlì bāokuò dài xīn jiàqī, yīliáo bǎoxiǎn hé jiànshēnfáng huìyuán.
Our company's benefits include paid vacation, medical insurance, and gym membership.
参加比赛的国家包括中国、日本、韩国和泰国。
Cānjiā bǐsài de guójiā bāokuò Zhōngguó, Rìběn, Hánguó hé Tàiguó.
The countries participating in the competition include China, Japan, South Korea, and Thailand.