Chinese Grammar Reference logo

    Chinese Grammar

    Expressing 'such as' with 如 (rú)

    Listing & Enumeration
    Manner & Method

    Structure

    Category + 如 + Example(s)

    Explanation

    如 (rú) used as a preposition means "such as" or "for example." It introduces one or more examples to illustrate a broader category. It is more formal than 比如 and is common in written Chinese.

    Examples

    • 中国有很多传统节日,如春节、中秋节和端午节。

      zhōngguó yǒu hěn duō chuántǒng jiérì, rú chūnjié, zhōngqiū jié hé duānwǔ jié.

      China has many traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, and Dragon Boat Festival.

    • 水果如苹果、香蕉和葡萄都含有丰富的维生素。

      shuǐguǒ rú píngguǒ, xiāngjiāo hé pútáo dōu hányǒu fēngfù de wéishēngsù.

      Fruits such as apples, bananas, and grapes are all rich in vitamins.

    • 一些大城市,如北京和上海,吸引了大量年轻人。

      yīxiē dà chéngshì, rú běijīng hé shànghǎi, xīyǐn le dàliàng niánqīngrén.

      Some big cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, have attracted a large number of young people.